Manpower planning may be defined as a process by which the management ensures that the right number and the right kind of people are at the right place and time and are doing the right things(for which they are best suited) for the achievement of organisational objectives. It is the process of developing and determining objectives, policies of procurement in relation to manpower. It requires forecasting manpower needs and planning of activities to fulfill those forecast needs. It should also consider the effect of absenteeism and labour turnover. It involves anticipating the present and future requirements of the number and quality of work force in the organisation. It has two main aspects:-
Quantitative Aspect
It involves determination of the number of personnel required by the company. The number of employees is determined on the basis of work-load analysis and work-force analysis. Work-load analysis is based on production and sales budgets, time study and work scheduling. Work-force analysis is an analysis of the present manpower and its future potential.
Qualitative Aspect
It is concerned with the determination of the type of manpower required. The quality of manpower depends upon the requirements of the job, which in turn can be determined with the help of job analysis. Job analysis is a detailed and systematic study of the job to find out the nature and qualifications of the people required for efficient performance of the job. Job analysis reveals the tasks which constitute the job, the skills and knowledge required for the successful performance of the various tasks, etc.
The information obtained from job analysis is usually summarised in the form of job description and job specification. Job description is a formal and organised statement of the contents of the job. It states the nature and type of a job, working conditions, duties and responsibilities of the job, etc. Job specification states the minimum human qualities i.e. knowledge, skills,experience,etc. required to perform a job efficiently.
Manpower planning is a continuous process, as the work force of an organisation is subject to constant changes. ^ Top |
